HLA class II antigens in Croatian patients with pemphigus vulgaris and their correlation with anti-desmoglein antibodies

Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is an acquired autoimmune blistering disease characterized by the production of autoantibodies targeting desmosomal cadherins, primarily desmoglein 1 and 3, leading to acantholysis. The etiology PV multifactorial, including genetic susceptibility. This retrospective study aimed evaluate association HLA class II alleles examine impact PV-associated on concentration anti-desmoglein antibodies. group included 30 patients in whom diagnosis was confirmed histopathological analysis, immunofluorescence findings, ELISA testing for detecting antibodies against 3. were typed polymerase chain reaction with sequence-specific primers (PCR-SSP). control consisted 190 healthy volunteer blood donors. Data analysis revealed a significantly higher frequency our population PV, HLA-DRB1*04:02, HLA-DRB1*14:54, HLA-DQB1*03:02, HLA-DQB1*05:03, HLA- DQA1*03:01, HLA-DQA1*01:04, as well lower HLA-DQA1*05:01 compared group. We have also investigated influence risk recognized almost all populations, HLA-DRB1*04:02 desmogleins 3 relation presence these alleles. results showed levels directed among DRB1*04:02 without this allele. No difference found Regarding DQB1*05:03 allele, statistical no differences carrying allele versus those it.